A. Definition of Politics, Political Science and Political Science Concepts
Politics comes from the Greek language meaning citizens Polites later developed into Politikos meaning of citizenship, and the meaning Politike political finesse. The concepts in political science constantly dwell on the issue:
a. Power - sources of power - influence - making and policy implementation
b. Authority - power based on legitimacy
c. Conflict and Consensus
d. Decision-making and how to distribute power
RELATIONSHIP WITH SCIENCE OTHER POLITICAL SCIENCE
1 . history
Since time immemorial hubugannya close political science with history and philosophy . History is the most important tool for political science , therefore contributing material , ie the data and facts from the past , for further processing . And politically useful to develop further . Political scientists use history to find patterns repeated ( recurrent patterns) that can help to determine a projection for the future .
2 . philosophy
Another science closely related to political science is philosophy . Philosophy is the attempt to rationally and systematically search for solutions or answers to issues related to the universe (universe ) and human life . Especially political science is closely related to political philosophy , which is part of the philosophy regarding politics , especially regarding the true nature , origin - first and value ( values) of the State . And discuss political issues with reference to a system of values ( value system) and certain norms .
3 . sociology
Among the social sciences , sociology was the most basic and common nature . Sociology helps political scientists in their efforts to understand the background , structure and patterns of social life of various classes and groups in society . By using the concepts and theories of sociology , political scientists can determine the extent to which the structure and social stratification affects or is affected by such policy decisions (policy decisions ) , the style and nature of political legitimacy (political legitimacy ) , the sources of authority politics ( sources of political authority) , social control (social control ) , and social change (social change) .
4 . anthropology
If the services of sociology to political science development is mainly in providing an analysis of the social life in general and thorough , then antrophologi accounted for understanding and theories about the position and role of the various socio - cultural units smaller and simpler . Anthropology has been influential in the field of political science research methodology .
5 . Economics
In the past , political science and economics is a field of its own , known as political economy (political economy) , namely thinking and policy analysis to be used to advance the power and prosperity of the UK in the face of rivals such as Portuguese , Spanish , French , and German , in the 18th century and the 19th . With the development of science in general , science is then split into two specialized field of attention to human behavior different : political science and economics . With the rapid development of modern economics , in particular the international economy , the cooperation between political science and economics increasingly necessary to analyze the tactics of national development .
Social 6.Psikologi
Social psychology is a specialization of psychology that studies the interrelationships between people and communities , particularly the factors that encourage people to participate in a social group bonding , the field of psychology generally focuses on the lives of individuals . Social psychology can explain how leadership unofficial ( informal leadership) helped determine the outcome of political discretion and judgment in the state .
7 . geography
Factors based on geography , such as strategic border , urging residents , local influence political influence . Montesquie , a French scholar , for the first time to discuss how geographic factors influence a State political constellation . In the period before World War II, a branch of earth sciences received great attention , namely Geopolitics Geopolitics or , commonly associated with a named Rudolf Kiellen Sweden ( 1864-1933 ) . He considers that in addition to economic and anthropological geography affect the character and national life of the people and therefore should be taken into account in preparing the absolute foreign policy and national politics . With the defeat of Nazi Germany that often use arguments based on geopolitics ( such as race factor , Lebensraum , economic and social factors ) for exspansinya politics , Geopolitics less experienced growth.
8 . Legal Studies
Especially the countries of Europe , since the old law is closely connected with political science , for organizing and implementing legislation is one of the important state obligations . Branches of jurisprudence is particularly telescoped state constitutional law - state ( and the state of science ) .
SOURCE REFERENCE:
1. Hutauruk, M. Outline of Political Science (fourth Pelita 1984-1989). New York: McGraw.
2. Sukarna. , 1994. Introduction to Political Science. Bandung: CV. Mandar forward.
3. Gie, The Liang. , 1990. Political Science. New York: Foundation for Science and Technology Studies.
4. Budihardjo, Miriam. , 1993. The Basics of Political Science. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.]
5. Website: • http://tasarkarsum.blogspot.com/2006/06/apa-itu-ilmu-politik.html • http://a2i3s-c0ol.blogspot.com/2008/09/sifat-arti-dan-hubungan -science-politik.html
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